science

Exploring the Science Behind Phaze

The scientific research and evidence-led insights that underpin our approach to travel performance, spanning travel fatigue, jet lag, sleep, circadian rhythms and human performance.

Whitepaper

A Scientific Mobile Application to Manage Travel Fatigue, Jet Lag and Performance Readiness.

Authors
Dr Ian Dunican, Dr Tim Smithies, Tom Clark

Travel can influence far more than how quickly someone adjusts to a new time zone. Travel fatigue, jet lag, sleep disruption and circadian misalignment can all affect readiness and performance.

The Phaze Scientific White Paper explores the research behind these challenges and the principles that underpin a personalised, performance-focused approach to travel planning.

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The Research That Informs Phaze

Phaze is grounded in decades of peer-reviewed research spanning jet lag, travel fatigue, sleep, circadian rhythms and human performance, helping us understand how individuals respond to travel and when they are best prepared to perform.

The publications below contribute to the scientific foundations of our platform and its personalised approach to travel planning. This evidence is combined with the applied experience of our team, including research published by our own scientists, Dr Ian Dunican and Dr Tim Smithies.

Explore the research, scientific papers and evidence-led insights underpinning Phaze below.

Research Papers

2021

Around the world in 16 days: the effect of long-distance transmeridian travel on the sleep habits and behaviours of a professional Super Rugby team

Authors
Smithies, T. D., Eastwood, P. R., Walsh, J., Murray, K., Markwick, W., & Dunican, I. C.

2021

The effect of sleep restriction on cognitive performance in elite cognitive performers: a systematic review

Authors
Smithies, T. D., Toth, A. J., Dunican, I. C., Caldwell, J. A., Kowal, M., & Campbell, M. J.

2026

Home-Court Advantage and the Associations of Travel and Jet Lag with Team Performance in the Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA)

Authors
Leota, J., Miller, D. J., Czeisler, M. É., Cook, J., Mascaro, L., Smithies, T. D., Nelthropp, A., & Facer-Childs, E. R.

2026

Drilling down on roster design: comparing fly-in fly-out roster patterns in the West Australian mining industry

Authors
Smithies, T. D., Vincent, G. E., Ferguson, S. A., Maisey, G., Fraser, H., & Dunican, I. C.

2024

The Effect of Total Sleep Deprivation on the Cognitive and In-Game Performance of Rocket League Esport Players

Authors
Smithies, T. D., Toth, A. J., & Campbell, M. J.

2020

How to manage travel fatigue and jet lag in athletes? A systematic review of interventions

Authors
Janse van Rensburg, D. C., Jansen van Rensburg, A., Fowler, P., Fullagar, H., Stevens, D., Halson, S., Bender, A., Vincent, G., Claassen-Smithers, Dunican, I.C., A., Roach, G. D., Sargent, C., Lastella, M., & Cronje, T.

2018

Caffeine use in a Super Rugby game and its relationship to post-game sleep

Authors
Dunican, I. C., Higgins, C. C., Jones, M. J., Clarke, M. W., Murray, K., Dawson, B., Caldwell, J. A., Halson, S. L., & Eastwood, P. R.

2024

Sleep Behaviors and Nutritional Knowledge in Amateur and Professional Combat Sport Athletes

Authors
Dunican, I. C., Galpin, A., Turner, M., & Reale, R.

2021

Managing Travel Fatigue and Jet Lag in Athletes: A Review and Consensus Statement

Authors
Janse van Rensburg, D. C., Jansen van Rensburg, A., Fowler, P. M., Bender, A. M., Stevens, D., Sullivan, K. O., Fullagar, H. H. K., Alonso, J.-M., Biggins, M., Claassen-Smithers, A., Collins, R., Dohi, M., Driller, M. W., Dunican, I. C., Gupta, L., Halson, S. L., Lastella, M., Miles, K. H., Nedelec, M., Page, T., Roach, G., Sargent, C., Singh, M., Vincent, G. E., Vitale, J. A. & Botha, T.

2021

Sleep and Performance during a Preseason in Elite Rugby Union Athletes

Authors
Teece, A. R., Argus, C. K., Gill, N., Beaven, M., Dunican, I. C. & Driller, M. W.

Science and Research Team

Dr Ian Dunican

Head of Scientific Development

Dr Tim Smithies

Scientific Lead, Algorithm Development

Insights From the Field

Performance

Travel Fatigue, Jet Lag and Athlete Performance: Why a Stable Body Clock Is Only Part of the Equation

Phaze Team
5 min read

Performance

Flying Early Versus Late: Which is the Better Strategy for the NFL in Melbourne?

Tom Clark
10 min read

Phaze 101

The Next Evolution of Phaze: Personalised Travel Performance, Made Simpler

Phaze Team
6 min read

Ready to Turn Travel Into Your Competitive Edge?

If your team travels to perform, Phaze helps you manage readiness with precision – before, during, and after the trip.  
Book a call to see how it works.